NK Cell Alloreactivity and Post-HCT Outcomes

This work outlines the role of KIR genotyping in selection of donors for allogeniec hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation to improve patient outcomes. We investigated how donor and recipient KIR genotypes interact with HLA class I ligands to influence the risk of acute and chronic GVHD following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Using a clinically characterized transplant cohort, we evaluated inhibitory and activating KIR–HLA combinations to identify immunogenetic predictors of NK-cell alloreactivity. The study suggested that certain KIR–HLA configurations may modulate HCT outcomes including GVHD, relapse and GvHD-and-relapse-free survival.